Description

Typhoid fever is an infectious disease caused by a bacterium, Salmonella typhi. It continues tobe a major health problem especially in the Asia Pacific region, the Indian subcontinent, Central Asia, Africa and South America. A definitive clinical diagnosis of typhoid is unreliable because typhoid fever symptoms mimic other diseases with fever that are common in this part of the world. Clinical presentations vary tremendously among patients and cover a wide spectrum, hence the need for a good laboratory test.

In addition, an accurate diagnosis of typhoid at an early stage is important not only for an etiological diagnosis for the patient but also to identify individuals that might serve as a source of infection. Thus all cases of fever should be tested for typhoid and a rapid laboratory test will be required.

PRINCIPLE
The Aimatis Typhoid IgG-IgM Rapid Test (Serum/Plasma/Whole Blood) is a qualitative test for the detection of IgG and IgM antibodies to S. typhi in human serum, Plasma, or whole blood. The test provides a differential detection of anti-S. typhi-IgG and anti-S. typhi IgM antibodies and can be used for the presumptive distinction between a current, latent and /or carrier S typhi infection. Serum, plasma or whole blood samples may be used with this test. First a specimen is dispensed into the sample well of the test device. If IgG or IgM antibodies to S typhi are present in the specimen they will bind to the colloidal gold antigen conjugate and travel up the membrane chromatographically. The antibody-antigen-collodal gold complex will then bind to the immobilized anti-Human IgG and /or anti Human IgM coated on the membrane. This will cause pale to dark red colored lines to form at the IgG or IgM test region and can be seen in the
results window. The intensity of the lines will vary depending upon the amount of antibody present in the sample. The appearance of a colored line in a specific test region should be considered as positive for that particular antibody (IgG/IgM). To serve as a procedural control, a colored line will always appear in the control line region indicating that proper volume of specimen has been added and proper membrane wicking has occurred.